Mech. of Pitching :: essays research papers

A family orb pitcher throws a baseball across the plate and the batter hits it to center field, and elderly man pitches horseshoes, a materialization person spikes a volleyball, student practices driving a golf ball magic spell a college athlete practices punting a football. Once more, as is the case with pushing and pulling, a widely diverse set of activities has a common denominator. Each of these activities involves ordered movement of the body segments resulting in the payoff of a summated velocity at the end of the chain of segments utilise. The path produced by the end point of this chain of segments is curvilinear in nature. Sequential segmental interrogative sentences are most frequently apply to produce high velocities in external objects. Dep finis on the objective of the skill, speed, accuracy, distance, or some combination, modifications in the sequential drill may be involved, larger or smaller ranges of motion might be used, and longer of shorter lever lengt hs may be chosen. regardless of the modifications, the basic nature of the sequential throwing, striking or kicking spuen remains the same.Broer was the first to call attention to the similarity of movement patterns used in seemingly dissimilar activities such as the baseball pitch, the badminton clear, and the lawn tennis serve. Objective evidence of such similarities amidst throwing and striking activities within each of the three major upper-extremity patterns overarm, sidearm and underarm. The representative activities from these categories across throwing patterns also showed gigantic similarity in the muscular action of the lower extremity. Atwater distinguished between the overarm and sidearm throwing patterns in terms of the direction in which the torso laterally flexed. When lateral flexion occurred away from the throwing arm, and overarm pattern was used lateral flexion toward the throwing arm indicated a sidearm pattern. The underarm patter is distinguished by motio n predominantly in a sagittal plane with the hand below the waist. Each pattern involves a preparative movement referred to as a backswing, or windup, followed by the establishment of a base of support prior to the initiation of the force phase and ending in the follow-through. The base of support in the direction of the force application program forward and backward is a distinguishing feature of skill level. It has been well document that more highly skilled individuals have longer strides. Once the base has been established, the more proximal segments begin the force application phase while the more distal segments complete the backswing.