21 ejemplos de negocios con visas E2 de inversionista

21 ejemplos de negocios con visas E2 de inversionista La visa E2 permite a inversionistas de ms de medio centenar de paà ­ses obtener los papeles para vivir en Estados Unidos -junto con su familia- gestionando su propio negocio. Cada aà ±o fiscal se vienen aprobando una media de entre 25,000 y 30,000 visas E2. En la actualidad se estima que hay unos 100,000 negocios que son propiedad de inversionistas con este tipo de visados, que dan empleo a un millà ³n de ciudadanos americanos. Recordar que los negocios se pueden crear de la nada o comprar ya existentes.  Estos son los 10 tipos de empresas que existen en Estados Unidos. Tipos de negocios cuyos propietarios pudieron obtener una visa E2 En realidad es vlido cualquier tipo de negocio real y legal (ver el enlace al principio de este artà ­culo sobre requisitos). A continuacià ³n una lista de negocios reales, que existen hoy en dà ­a y, en algunos casos, nombres para poder hacer una bà ºsqueda en internet para tener una idea ms completa de quà © se puede hacer. Cafeterà ­as, salones de tà © o cafà © y pubs. Esta es una opcià ³n muy popular.Cerrajeros (locksmith)Concesionarios de autos (dealership)Construccià ³n, en sus diversas facetas. Por ejemplo, colocacià ³n de todo tipo de pisos (flooring) como Steamboat Springs en el estado de Colorado, servicio de pintura, etc.Decoracià ³n del hogar. Educacià ³n, desde academias a escuelas preescolares, guarderias infantiles y entrenamiento de vuelos.Fbricas de lo ms variado, desde productos de alta tecnologà ­a a fabricantes de aspiradores, como por ejemplo Miracle Mate USA en el estado de Washington.Franquicias, que poseen grandes ventajas para las personas que carecen de experiencia gestionando negocios. Gerencia de propiedades (una opcià ³n frecuente)Hoteles, posadas, bed and breakfasts.Imprenta. Por ejemplo, Minuteman Press en Anniston, Alabama.Laboratorios mà ©dicos, como Essential Diagnostics en California. Mascotas: servicios veterinarios, entrenamiento de perros como Bark Busters en Florida, peluquerà ­a animal, etc. Paqueterà ­a y mensajerà ­aParque para autocaravanas (RV) como por ejemplo Shady Acres en Mississippi. Restaurantes, esta es una opcià ³n muy comà ºn.Salones de belleza, peluquerà ­a, spa, manicura y pedicura.Servicios de limpieza, cuidado de jardines (landscaping), poda de rboles y de piscinas (albercas o piletas). Por ejemplo, Windermerepools en Florida.Servicios proveedor de empleados domà ©sticos, por ejemplo Melody Maids en Florida.Tiendas de cualquier tipo de producto. Por ejemplo, chocolates, pasteles, piezas para motos,ropa, costura, artà ­culos para baà ±os y cocina, cortinas, artà ­culos para hobbies, alquiler de muebles para eventos, floristerà ­as, antigà ¼edades, artà ­culos para golf, etc.Transporte escolar y mà ©dico. En un principio, una inversià ³n inmobiliaria no es razà ³n suficiente para que se pueda solicitar y menos obtener la visa E-2. A menos que se pueda presentar como un negocio activo y real. A tener en cuenta En realidad se puede tener cualquier tipo de negocio. Lo fundamental es tener un buen plan de negocio y tener capacidad para gestionarlo y el dinero para crearlo. La inversià ³n tiene que ser sustancial para obtener la visa E-2. Adems, hay que tener pasaporte de un paà ­s con un tratado de inversià ³n con Estados Unidos. No confundir con los tratados de libre comercio, que son otra cosa. Y desatacar que en los casos de doble nacionalidad es suficiente con tener una de las nacionalidades. Se permite que sean franquicias con un modelo de negocio probado. Estas son las consideradas como las 10 mejores franquicias de Estados Unidos. A la hora de elaborarlo es muy aconsejable contar con la colaboracià ³n de un profesional que conozca Estados Unidos y cà ³mo funcionan las leyes. SelectUSA, gestionado por el gobierno federal, es un buen lugar para comenzar a recabar informacià ³n y pedir referencias de profesionales en distintos estados. Adems, puede dar buena informacià ³n sobre el proceso de constituir legalmente empresas y de cà ³mo obtener financiacià ³n. El negocio se puede crear en cualquiera de los 50 estados de la Unià ³n Americana, en Washington D.C. o en cualquiera de los territorios de los EEUU como, por ejemplo, Puerto Rico (informacià ³n sobre documentos que se necesitan para viajar a la Isla y datos bsicos sobre su estatus). Puerto Rico posee excelentes atractivos, destacando obviamente, que el idioma es el espaà ±ol. A la hora de decidirse por invertir en un estado o en otro, tener en cuenta datos bsicos como los impuestos que se pagan a nivel estatal y local. Estos son los estados en los que es ms fcil hacer negocio. Sin duda va a impactar en los resultados del negocio. Otras opciones de visa para inversores Si la E-2 no es la opcià ³n adecuada, estas  son 8 posibilidades de obtener una visa y fundar un negocio en Estados Unidos.  Adems, en el caso de emprendedores que   ya tienen en sus paà ­ses un negocio de import/export, la visa  E-1 para los comerciantes  podrà ­a ser la adecuada. Finalmente, si se est abierto a emigrar a otros paà ­ses, estos 20 permiten obtener la ciudadanà ­a (pasaporte) o/y la residencia a cambio de una inversià ³n. Las cantidades y las condiciones son muy diferentes entre sà ­. Y si la decisià ³n es intentar Estados Unidos, estas son 10 cosas importantes que se deben conocer antes de viajar, a ser posible, o nada ms llegar.   Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

African Diaspora Essay Example

African Diaspora Essay Example African Diaspora Essay African Diaspora Essay The Pan African movement was dedicated to establishing independence for African nations and cultivating unity among black people throughout the world. During this time leaders across the nation held conferences in which they discussed the de-colonization process in Africa. The primary leader during this movement was W. E. B Dubois. He attended many conferences where many people believed him and followed in his direction. The first conference was held in London in 1900 and was convened by Henry Sylvester- Williams. This conference brought people from African decent together where they discussed their common fate and unity amongst the African community. The next conferences were organized by W. E. B Dubois which took place in 1919 and 1927. The conference in 1919 discussed W. E. B Dubois trip to Paris where he reported discrimination amongst black soldiers in the US army who were station in France. Also he spoke at the Versailles Peace Conference where he ensured African interests were addressed. The Manchester conference of 1945 won the reputation of a pace-maker for decolonization in Africa and in the British West Indies. It marked a significant advance in the participation of workers in the Pan African cause. It demanded an end to colonial rule and an end to racial discrimination, while it carried forward the broad struggle against imperialism, for human rights and equality of economic opportunity. The Pan-African Congress strategy positioned the political and economic demands of the Congress within a new world context of international co-operation. 2. When W. E. B. Du Bois and Marcus Garvey had their first contact in May 1915, Du Bois already was a Black leader in the US, while Garvey had just the month before established his UNIA in Jamaica. Du Bois was on a visit in Jamaica, and received a very friendly welcomeletter by Garvey. Soon afterwards they met in person, shook hands and Garvey told Du Bois briefly of his plans, eager to find a supporter in him. Almost one year later, Garvey came to the US for a speaking tour through the country to raise money for a project in Jamaica. Garvey wanted to invite Du Bois in person to his first lecture and therefore visited the NAACP headquarters. As Du Bois was not there, he left an invitation that was declined in a polite way by Du Bois, but nevertheless Du Bois announced Garveys tour in his magazine the Crisis. During his tour Garvey decided, that the US was the place for his ideas and that he should therefore stay in the United States. He started speaking weekly in Harlem, soon found a huge amount of followers, officially founded the US branch of the UNIA end of July 1918 and short afterwards established the UNIA newspaper The Negro World 3. The African response to slavery was divided into three instances in which slaves which successful in freeing themselves. The first instance was the maroons of Jamaica. From 1494 to 1655 Jamaica was a Spanish colony. Spain established the plantation system and started to grow and export agricultural crops. In 1655 Great Britain challenged Spanish occupation of the island and captured it. During the war between Spain and Great Britain slaves on the plantation took the opportunity and escaped into the mountains. When the war was over the British demanded that the slaves return but the slaves argued that they were slaves of the Spanish and since the Spanish were no longer there, they were now free. Great Britain insisted that they were still slaves. The slaves reaction was â€Å"if you think we are slaves come and get us†. Due to the slaves reaction war ensued between the maroons and the British soldiers from 1655 to 1738. In 1738 the British governor of Jamaica believed that in the interest of the security of planters and the stability of the island it would be wise to make peace with the maroons. Based on his decision the British government did an unprecedented agreement. At the press conference they wrote out a peace treaty with the maroons. In the peace treaty Great Britain agreed to recognize the freedom and independence of the maroons. They decided to give them land in Jamaica where they could establish their own communities, governor themselves, and they would be free of taxation. The British government created a state within a state. The maroons promised that they would not allow runaway slaves to use maroon settlements as sanctuaries. Runaway slaves that were found on maroon land would be returned to his owners. The British governor believed that the maroons were not upholding the second part of their agreement because they were not returning runaway slaves. The maroon argument was that if they seen any runaway slaves they would return them but so far they have not seen any. As a consequence a second war broke out between the maroons and the British government in 1795. During this war large numbers of maroons were captured and deported to Canada as punishment and eventually transported to the west coast of Africa. This was the first instance were a group of slaves freed themselves. Next, the second group of slaves that freed themselves was the Republic of Palmers in Brazil. During the slavery period the Portuguese had the right to trade in slaves from the time of the Treaty of Tordisellas in 1494 between Spain and Portugal. Portugal and Brazil transported more African to be enslaved in Brazil than the rest of the country combine. There were vast areas in Brazil suited to the plantation system. Most plantations were in Bahia and Pernambuco. At the beginning of the 17th century slaves escaped in mass from these providences. These slaves escaped into the interior of Brazil and establish their own communities and government. Slaves in other parts of Brazil knew their only was to be freed was to find their way to palmers. The Republic of Palmers grew by leaps and boundaries. By the end of the 17th century the planters of Brazil complained to the government that the existence of the Republic of Palmers was destabilizing through the plantation system in those providences. The government sent troops against the Republic of Palmers at the end of the 17th century which caused slaves to escape further into the interior where they lived. The last instances of slaves freeing themselves were the Haitian Revolution were the Haitian people abolished slavery. The coming of free trade forced planters to sell their products on world markets. Secondly, the decline in productivity caused farmers to lose products. Next, investors in Europe where reluctant to give planters loans because of all the money they lost in Haiti. Finally, the impact of public opinion in Europe government forced them to end slavery in America. They feared that if slavery continued the same thing that happened in Haiti would happen elsewhere. This pressure caused the British to abolition the slave trade in 1807.

Analysis of Homeland Security Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analysis of Homeland Security - Assignment Example Although security experts agree that the two are the greatest security threats to the country’s homeland security, opinion is still divided as to which of the two poses the greatest security threat to the United States homeland security. However, after conducting a thorough analysis of the operations of the Americanization of terrorist groups and the home has grown terrorists over the past few years, it goes without doubt that the current greatest threat to the U.S homeland security is the home has grown/lone wolf terrorist groups. Firstly, the events that have happened in the recent past shows that the terrorist has changed their tactics to from plotting a large-scale attack on the homegrown or lone wolf attack. With the growth of the internet, homegrown extremists and sympathizers of the so-called American enemies are increasingly becoming radicalized via the internet (Olsson, 2014; Gartenstein-Ross and Grossman, 2009). Some even travel to different countries where they are trained and come back to carry out attacks on their own without any assistance. For instance, investigations have unearthed that the two brothers who carried the Boston Bomb attacks were radicalized through the internet by the Islamist propaganda. These were American citizens who had no any affiliation with the terror groups such as the Al-Qaeda (Zennie, 2014; Herrmann, 2014). The Boston Marathon attack clearly demonstrates that the biggest threat to the U.S. homeland security is the homegrown/lone wolf terror groups and not the Americanization of terror groups as some experts conjecture. The Boston Marathon resulted in the death of three people and left about 264 others wounded after detonating two grenades.  To make matters worse, ISIS has increased propaganda campaign on the social media, which has seen a huge number of Westerners move to Iraq and Syria to support them in the fight (CNN, 2014).   

History of the European Union Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

History of the European Union - Essay Example This Schuman Declaration was adhered by six states, France, Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg, thus forming the European Coal and Steel Community on 1951(EU Timeline). This community placed Franco-German steel production under a common "High Authority", putting into effect an intergovernmental cooperation with supranational authority (McGoldrick, 9). Treaties were signed as well to establish European Atomic Energy Community and the European Economic Community. With an enhanced institutionalized nature, the European Economic Community had four main bodies namely the Council of Ministers, European Commission, Court of Justice and Parliamentary Assembly (McGoldrick, 10). Up until 1985, the Community increased the number of its members progressively; Greece was actually the 10th member of this group. The now ten members of the group agreed in a European Council meeting held at Luxembourg to revitalize the process of European integration by drawing up the Single European Act (EU Timeline). The Act as could be seen, extended EC competence, made greater provision for qualified majority voting and laid down the objective of achieving an internal market by 1992 (McGoldrick, 10). Subsequent years witnessed further enlargement of the community and at the same time deeper integration of the Community. For example, with the German unification, the Community had to agree on a common approach to the effects of such event and its relations with Central and Eastern European countries as well. So that in a European Council held at Ireland, they concurred to establish the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the mechanism that would provide financial s upport to Central and Eastern European Countries. At some point, they even reached a decision to establish the European Economic Area between the EEC and EFTA member countries (EU Timeline). While economic goals were apparently met, political goals remained unfulfilled (McGoldrick, 12). On February 7 of 1992, the Treaty of European Union was signed in Maastricht by the Foreign and Finance Ministers of the member states, and while the ratification of the said treaty was voted against when put into referendum in Denmark, it was eventually ratified the second time and the treaty came into force on November 1993. The European Community formally evolved to the European Union. Earlier that year, on January, the Single European Market entered into force and accession of more states ensued (EU Timeline). Changes were introduced upon the evolution of the Community to the Union. The structure of the treaty of the European Union organized the Union's activities in three fields or subsequently called three pillars: European Community, Common Foreign and Security Policy and Judicial and Home Affairs (McGoldrick, 16). The European Union also introduced the subsidiary policy, in which the EU would only take action if

The Formation of Islamic Art and the Amalgamation of Different Literature review

The Formation of Islamic Art and the Amalgamation of Different Cultural - Literature review Example â€Å"Arts of the Islamic World† and â€Å"Islamic art† are significant phrases which refer to the various artistic traditions which have flourished since the advent of Islam across a vast geographic area ranging from southern Spain and North Africa to the islands of Southeast Asia in the late seventh century. (Arts of the Islamic World 2008). One most relevant factor about the formation of Islamic art has been the influence of the varied culture of the world on its formation. â€Å"The cultural influences ranged from Byzantine (inherited when the Ottomans made Constantinople their capital in 1453) to Italian, French, Central Asian, Persian and Arab.† (Sajoo 2001, p. 16-18). There was also important influences from Roman architectural elements, Spanish mosaic decoration, Chinese ceramics, and Iraqi calligraphic styles in North Africa under the Fatimid dynasty. One of the most important elements of Islamic art has been its architecture consisting of a unique relig ious architecture which comprises the mosque (masjid), and the madrasa and a secular architecture including palaces, caravansaries, cities and the mausoleum. The Islam from the Arabian Peninsula had no native artistic traditions, but as it began to spread politically and socially, it also absorbed and adapted indigenous art styles. â€Å"Islamic art thus developed from many sources. Roman, Early Christian, and Byzantine styles were taken over in early Islamic architecture; the influence of Sassanian art—the architecture and decorative art of pre-Islamic Persia under the Sassanids—was of paramount significance.

Importance of Supportive Communication

Importance of Supportive Communication EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Communication is an everyday activity. There is nothing that can be done without communication. However this essential of life can be very damaging if not use it properly or accurately. It is every body’s wish that all people behave, act, think, response, move, learn and communicate just as he/she was made off. As a result of inequalities and imperfection of human nature, all of us cannot act the same. It is often and always easier to communicate good news and happy moments to our love ones, work mates, school mates, family members etc. however the moment of truth is when to communicates the opposite to those that are close to us, colleagues, family members etc. and when not handled properly can ruin a hard fought relationships cultivated over the year. This is because we are inclined by nature to receive good news than the bad news though it might be the fact. Therefore cultivating the skills of supporting communication an inevitable tool for every person irrespective of the level of responsibility one finds itself. Supportive communication seeks to preserve or enhance a positive relationship between you and another person while still addressing a problem, giving negative feedback, or tackling a difficult issue with such person. There are numerous benefits associated with companies which ideologies the concept of supporting communication that companies who does not as carried by various surveys. In such context one can be an asset to a group, work environment, family when he/she is able to communicate supportively to the up build of the group, work and family and in this direction I chose to work on my supporting communication skills. Before I read and participated in the classroom on this skill, my skill assessment score was below the mean quartile in comparing with 5000 students who undertook the same assessment. My score after reading and class participating almost threepuled above even above the highest quartile. This does not mean that I can skillfully applied supportive communication. Practical steps have been put in place to apply this knowledge into full use. These steps includes; by asking two same case study group to assess my reaction when giving counsel on performance of a group member, a planned friendship with those who their attitudes and behaviors I disguise so much and finally being asking my children to note down whenever I get angry in the process of giving the feedback. INTRODUCTION Communication is an everyday activity. And is the ordinary interaction that occurs between coworkers, friends, acquaintances, or intimates on daily bases. Communication comes in different forms. Verbal communication which includes sounds, words, language and speaking whiles non-verbal communication involves physical ways of communication like, tone of voice, touch, smell and body language. The quality of communication and how communications are evolves and is maintained are the basis of whether a relationship amongst individuals are stable, become more intimate when appropriate and if additional information is shared between individual reflecting trust between the both parties in every facet of human life. Ineffective communication may lead individual to dislike each other, be offended by each other, lose confidence, refuse to listen and disagree to each other as well as causing a host of other interpersonal problem. (Whatten Camaron, 2011) Normally positive interpersonal relationships results when always things are going on well and people do what they are expected and suppose of them. However, when communicating to an individual who has a negative attitude, such as a personality conflict with coworker or hasn’t perform up to expectation, the risk of putting the employee on the defensive is very high. Individual often react defensively if they feel they are being punished or threatened by communicating, and thus they devote attention to identify counter arguments rather than listening. Thus communication is more productive when it is done constructively or done supportively. SUPPORTIVE COMMUNICATION Supportive communication is interpersonal communications that help individuals to communicate accurately, especially in difficult situations and times. Supportive communication seeks to preserve or enhance a positive relationship between you and another person while still addressing a problem, giving negative feedback, or tackling a difficult issue. It allows you to communicate information to others that is not complimentary, or to resolve an uncomfortable issue with another person but, in the process, strengthen your relationship. Supportive communication builds and strengthened relationships when delivering negative feedback or when you have to point out few shortcoming of another person. It thus seek to preserve or enhance a positive relationship between two people whiles still addressing issue. It allows communicating information to others that is not complementary but rather that strengthen the relationship. Companies fostering supportive communication enjoy higher productivity, faster problem solving, higher quality outputs, and fewer conflicts and subversive activities than groups or organizations where relationships are less. (Robbins Coulter, 2007) it goes on to present a survey conducted with conclusion, that companies with presence of good supportive communication between managers and subordinate were three times more powerful in predicting profitability in major cooperation’s over a five year period than the most powerful variables – market size, firm size and saves growth rate-combined. There are arguably eight attributes of supportive communication of which all other research shared the same thought as far the scope of this research is concern. This indicates that to communicate supportively one must adhere to these characteristics when communicating. ATTRIBUTES OF SUPPORTIVE COMMUNICATION Problem oriented, not person oriented. Problem-oriented communication focuses on a problem that can be solved rather than the person who is responsible for the problem. Person-oriented communication puts the listener on the defensive and focuses the attention on blame rather than on avoiding or solving future problems Congruent, not incongruent. Congruent communication conveys what the speaker is thinking and feeling. There are definitely situations where discretion is a more appropriate choice than full disclosure of what we think and feel. However, in most communication situations, we communicate more effectively when were candid. If we arent honest, listeners wont trust what we say. Descriptive, not evaluative. Evaluative communication expresses judgment of the listener, or his or her actions. To be an effective constructive communicator, we should objectively describe problems rather than speak in an evaluative manner. Evaluative communication puts the listener on the defensive. Validating, not invalidating. Validating communication helps people feel understood, valued, and accepted. In contrast, invalidating communication treats people as if they are ignored, worthless, or alienated. Invalidating communication is superiority-oriented, rigid, impervious and/or indifferent and its avoid treating the listener like a lesser person. Specific, not global. There are two key drawbacks to global statements of problems; theyre often too large to be resolved and they tend to oversimplify and misrepresent problems. Conjunctive, not disjunctive. Disjunctive communication takes at least three forms; not letting the other party speak, long pauses, and switching topics. Disjunctive communication can result in the other party thinking that their input is not being considered. Owned, not disowned. When we own our communication, we take responsibility for our statements and acknowledge that we are the source of the ideas conveyed and not someone else. We disown communication when we search for third parties to attribute our comments to. Listening, not one-way message delivery. Explains, effective listening is actively absorbing the information given to you by a speaker, showing that you are listening and interested, and providing feedback to the speaker so that he or she knows the message was received. Effective listening is often taken for granted, but its a valuable managerial tool. PERSONAL ASSESSMENT SUPPORTIVE COMMUNICATION In order to be sincere and able to know my managerial shortcoming in this skill area, I assessed myself based on the following questionnaires before and after reading and participating during lectures. The evaluation of these questionnaires is as a result of weakness observed when learning this skills and much effort is needed to overcome these shortcomings as comparing myself to 5000 students who also took the same assessment. Rating Scale 1. Strongly disagree 2. Disagree 3. Slightly disagree 4. Slightly agree 5. Agree 6. Strongly agree Assessment Pre Post Questionnaires 3 6 When I give feedback to others, I avoid referring to personal characteristics and focus on problems or solutions instead 2 6 I always link negative feedback to a standard or expectation that has been violated 2 5 When I try to correct someone’s behavior, our relationship is almost always strengthened. 1 6 I am descriptive in giving negative feedback to others. That is, I objectively describe events, their consequences, and my feelings about them 3 6 I always suggest specific alternatives to individuals whose behavior I’m trying to correct 3 6 I reinforce other people’s sense of self-worth and self-esteem in my communication with them. 2 5 When asking questions of others in order to understand their viewpoints better, I generally ask â€Å"what† questions instead of â€Å"why† questions 2 6 I don’t dominate conversations with others. 1 6 I hold regular, private meetings with people with whom I work and with whom I live. 2 5 I strive to identify some area of agreement in a discussion with someone who has a different point of view Table # 1: supporting communication questionnaires and responses. SKILLS ASSESSMENT INTERPRETATION The first five questionnaires are in respect of how I can effectively communicate negative feedback, the higher the scores the better for one to communicate effectively negative feedback than the lower scoring. Whereas the last five questionnaires are also in respect of how I can be effective in communicating supportively, and again the higher the scoring the better than the lower scoring. The total scoring before the reading and class participating as shown above was 21 scores as compares to an average 5000 student mean quartile scores of 45 out of possible 60 scores and my score after was 57 out of possible 60 scores. This indicates better understanding and knowledge on how I can effectively communicates negative feedback to someone in a supportive manner. PRACTICAL APPLICATION – SUPPORTIVE COMMUNICATION The above after reading and acquiring the knowledge does not make me a better person to be effective in supporting communication, is just acknowledgement of how critical supporting communication is in every facet in one’s life. It takes several practices and on the field application of this knowledge that one become effective communicating supportively. However since practice make man perfect; the following are planned practical steps activities to help me to communicate supportively. First in the MBA program, working in groups are integral part of the program, hence supporting commununication is very important at all level of group activities. That is from group formation, sharing of responsibilities, embarking on assigned group assignment and holding rehearsal presentations within the group. To put supportive communication into practice, I have asked two group members to assess me whenever is my turn to communicate feedback to a group member who has presented during group rehearsals on his/her weakness as well as whenever is my turn to be counseled after my presentation. Two different will let me know objectively about the assessment. I will also purchase a voice recorder so that I can listen to it after group discussion. Secondary I have planned to be friend with those who generally I don’t associate better due to their character traits, race, culture and religion. Trying to form friendship with such people will always help me to improve on my supporting communication skills. The reason being that since I have a perceived mind already regarding them, accepting them as friends will be a real challenge, however that will also help me improve on not always dominating but also welcoming others viewpoint in discussions which is one of the eight attributes of good supporting communication. Finally in the house since children are active when ever decisions goes their way, I will ask each of them to count the number of times I get angry and why when am having discussions with them or in dealing with each individuals in the house. This will help me to work on my anger level since it will be difficult for someone with high level of anger to be supportive in communication especially when communicating negative feedback. REFERENCES Whetten, D., Cameron, S. (2011). Developing Management Skills (8th. ed.). Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall. Vucaj, I. (2013). Managing human resources. Blog at wordPress.com. Robbins, S P., Coulter, M. (2012). Management (11th. ed.). Pearson education. Schmidt, J., Uecker, D. (2007). Increasing understanding of routine/everyday  interaction in relationships. Communication Teacher, 21, 111-116.

The Fallibility of Man Exposed in The Bible Essays -- Religion Biblica

The Fallibility of Man Exposed in The Bible The story of the Golden Calf illustrates the inherent fallibility of man. It starts out when the people ask Aaron to â€Å"make us gods, which shall go before us.† Despite the fact that God had spoken to them just days earlier commanding them not to make themselves any graven images, Aaron doesn’t argue too strongly against this, immediately asking them to turn over any gold jewelry they have so that he may make them a figure of worship. This choice of material symbolizes man’s covetous nature, perhaps also implying that Aaron feared to go against God’s wishes directly, and so he chose gold in the hope that the people would be loathe to part with it. However, they readily hand over their wealth, which Aaron makes into a statue of a golden calf. In this too, Aaron compromises; while the people asked him to make them â€Å"gods,† he chooses to make a single figure, and states that it is the God that brought them out of Egypt. This concession is intended to sooth God’s wrath when he sees what the Israelites have done. The people seem to be remarkably unconcerned with Moses’ whereabouts at this point considering the fact that he just brought them out of Egypt and is leading them to the Promised Land. In this story they seem to treat him with a great deal of suspicion, stating that they â€Å"wot not what is become of him,† which implies that he’s abandoned them, and that they’re ready to move along without his guidance. This seems ironic, given that he is all that saves them from God’s wrath for this very incident. Upon seeing this idolatry, the Lord becomes enraged, and tells Moses to leave so that he may d... ...ll every man who played a part in the creation of this false icon, even friends or kin. This done, Moses returns to face God in hopes of prevailing upon him to forgive his people. In the conclusion of the story, Moses confesses to the Lord, stating that â€Å"this people have sinned a great sin, and have made them gods of gold,† reiterating the prior thought that men were worshipping material values over God himself. Moses asks that God destroy him with the rest of his people if he will not grant them forgiveness, implying that the thought of god’s displeasure so disturbed him that he would rather die in hopes of averting this disaster. While God denies him this, he grants that those guilty of the sin shall only be plagued with misfortune, rather than destruction, as he planned earlier. Thus the people are given mercy, but not forgiveness.

HRM for a new Hotel

The Headrow Hotel is a much-loved local landmark in Leeds city centre and was first opened in 1904 by the York family, with its location being ideal for the local business community and booming nightlife. The directors have recently decided to make major changes to the hotel by advancing it from a 3 to a 4-star status over the next twelve months. This specific objective will involve a more professional approach to the hotel's operations with drastic alterations being made to the current old- fashioned standards of service through the addition of a Human Resource Manager.By employing this particular member of staff they hope to first identify, then address the hotel's present human resource issues as well as the concerns they may face upon progression of the hotel; and to produce appropriate recommendation strategies in order to resolve the hotel's HR issues. This will be carried out through the adaptation of relevant theory, principles and practices that will be presented in a report format to the hotel's board of directors. 1. 1 Context The hospitality industry is certainly a profitable place, especially for businesses that follow the golden rule of â€Å"the customer is always right†.However, with customer service being such a significant part of the customer's experience when staying in any modern-day hotel, there is always a possibility that the service is not fully satisfactory. Hotel clients have the potential to complain about almost anything in terms of the service they receive; such as the size of the toilet seat or the smell of the dining area. This can have massive impact on the hotel's reputation if the customer then decides to create bad word-of-mouth advertising to their friends and family.Good reputation is paramount for hotels that want to increase their market-base and ain more regular stayers, which can prove difficult if staff do not contribute to helping the customer's overall experience. Therefore keeping a good image is imperative f or any hospitality company; with friendliness, good service, efficiency, organization and professionalism being the key to success in this industry. Competitors can also play a huge part in determining how well its rivals do. Hotels that are specifically placed in a city centre can face a great deal of competition.Not only must they compete with their rivals on price, but also on customer experience and satisfaction. This involves hotels ensuring that they have the correct facilities as well as the right employee allocation roles in order for them to maximise profit. A strategic and coherent approach to the human resource issues should be integrated into the corporate strategy of the business as in this case successful people management is essential tor the business is to survive in an industry where statt unquestionably the most valuable resource. 2. Current Problems Currently the Headrow Hotel has numerous problems in terms of its internal environment. First and foremost, its repu tation has slowly deteriorated over recent ears, primarily due to its decline in standards of service. Secondly, the working conditions for staff have been generally regarded as poor, with low wages and unsociable working-hours also contributing to the hotel's existing rate of 30% of staff receiving the minimum wage. This, among many other reasons, such as customer complaints and suspected thefts, has certainly had an effect on the hotel's staff turnover, which was 56% in 2011.Another major concern for the hotel is its lack of training and development opportunities for existing employees, which has also had a negative effect on the hotel's dismissal rate. Appraisals take place annually, although they are not linked specifically to a structured performance pay scheme unless your role is of a supervisor or above; instead performance bonuses are decided separately by the York family, who have previously handled all staffing issues.All these problems must be addressed whilst keeping the interests of the corporate strategy at the forefront of the hotel's ambitions. 2. 1 Future Problems In addition to all the complications that the hotel faces, there are several new potential problems that can arise upon upgrading the hotel to a 4-star status. With the added extras of a health spa and swimming pool comes the requirement for increased workforce and skill sets in order to deal with all the new refurbishment adjustments.New staff must be employed and trained by the hotel to handle the redecoration and refurbishment that is to take place, and the increased skills that will be mandatory for staff who are operating in precise areas i. e. specialised training for spa staff. Another possible problem is the customer complaints that the hotel could receive. With most of their complaints being related to staff it is central for the Headrow Hotel to ensure they attract, train and retain their staff decorously so that everyone is satisfied with their role, and even have someone who they can report their own individual workplace issues to.Failure to attract the right staff who are devoted to their Job could result in a further decline in the hotel's reputation, hence it is crucial that the Headrow Hotel adopts the appropriate policies that match the services needed from new employees. 3. 0 HR Planning When producing a HR plan it is vital that the integration of the design matches the corporate strategy of the business and that the objectives are in correlation to the ime scales specified. In this case, qualitative methods should be applied.With the selection of specific employees in roles that match their specific skillset e. g. a qualified beauty therapist operating in the health spa department and a lifeguard operating in the swimming pool department. However employees, if not already qualified or new to technology advances, could take time to achieve their optimum output, resulting in a slower work-rate which could harm the hotel's overall output. It wou ld therefore be advisable for the hotel to expand its workforce by hiring employees that already possess the skills needed to perform in their Job.In order to do this, the hotel must first address the issue of salary pay by increasing the hourly rates to that of a more acceptable standard i. e. E6. 08/hour (El above the NMW for 21+) which would also help to attract more experienced staff. This relates to Frederick Taylor's 1 7) theory ot money as the main motivator tor employees. Next, hours in which employees operate under should be made more flexible subject to the roles they undertake; with employees working on night shifts receiving a fraction of increased salary.Staff turnover is critical for any hotel, especially that of a 4-star restige, which is why the focus should be on providing an exceptional service for guests which can only be accomplished by giving employees a decent wage, as well motivation and inspiration; helping to ensure that future shortages in the workforce are avoided and that the business' ability to progress is not obstructed. 4. 0 Recruitment ; Selection Recruitment is ‘all activities directed towards locating potential employees and attracting applications from suitable candidates. (Foot and Hook, 2005 p. 63) Based on this, the Headrow Hotel must abide by the proper procedures when choosing and hiring staff. At the moment the hotel's reputation is declining, primarily due to the service provided by staff. Not to mention, customer complaints, suspected thefts, absences and punctuality problems are all leading to a high level of dismissal. This indicates that the hotel is employing unfitting staff. To prevent this, the Headrow Hotel must review its application policy thoroughly by first altering how it employs new staff.Below is a diagram showing the recruitment process that should be undertaken by management at the hotel: The first step involves recognising the availability of the vacancy. The second step ntails discussing the J ob opening with higher management. Thirdly, there should be an analysis which sees the purpose and tasks of the Job in question. Fourthly, a Job description should be carried out by management discussing the aims, results and responsibilities expected from the position.Next, a person specification, which includes conferring what experience and skills are compulsory for this particular role. Lastly, attracting the suitable candidates for the vacancy through an application form and then selecting which candidate will suit the role best by collecting, assessing and comparing the Job applicants. If this systematic step process is followed accurately then the hotel will undeniably help to reduce its high dismissal rate, whilst increasing customer service. 5. Learning ; Development Human resource development comprises activities that help to expand the human capital through the integration of training and individual development which overall increases the organization's effectiveness. The re have been various issues in relation to learning and development at the Headrow Hotel. One major concern is the fact that there is minimal opportunity for training and development at the hotel, which eans that staff leave to attend roles at competitors' hotels where there are more personal development prospects.This has had a key influence on staff turnover and can be completely avoided by implementing a simple training and development scheme, such as one that allows staff who have worked at the hotel for over two years to undergo a training programme lets them train to attain a higher, more-qualified position within the organisation; increasing general staff stability and performance. Another concern is the low employee commitment and engagement which has arose due to low Job satistaction.The best way to combat this is through motivation ot employees to be active and enthusiastic about their Job. An alternative method mentioned earlier was to increase salary, which has a definit e impact on work- performance; yet there are other ways to boost motivation. One of which is to train staff in multiple areas, helping them to manage more responsibility and feel like they have a greater impact on the company. Another method would be to recognise their work output by supporting and offering them occupational promotions based upon how well they are performing in their current role.By viewing at the diagram below you can begin to comprehend the multiple ways in which employers can amplify employee inspiration. Some employees can also struggle to adapt to new technological factors, such as updated computer software for receptionists. Therefore it is important for Headrow to delegate the roles accordingly and re-train staff that require improved specialist knowledge. All these factors help to strengthen the labour force within any organisation by simply listening to the employees and then responding in such a way that both the workforce and corporate goals are met. . 0 Performance Appraisal A must-have for the Headrow Hotel is a consistent review of the work content, potentiality and perhaps expansion for workers. At this moment in time, there is no structured performance management scheme at the hotel; with appraisals only taking place annually towards the end of the financial year. It is also evident that there is no connection between the appraisal performance pay scheme and integration of data collected from employee evaluations.This advocates that the management cannot identify any staff training requirements along with any possible career development, therefore preventing the hotel from evolving its workforce. The supreme applicable system to incorporate into the hotel would firstly be to hold employee appraisals more often, preferably every 4 months. This will allow management staff to analyse and evaluate each employee's involvement within the organisation three times a year and propose any adjustments that can be made.Furthermore, managem ent must implement a ‘Management by Objectives' scheme which includes setting clear objectives for the employee to reach before the next appraisal, and discussing to what extent the objectives have been achieved. The advantage to this technique is that the employee's objectives can be beneficial to the mployer's own strategic targets e. g. An employee working in the kitchen making sure that they get to work tlve minutes early each time to ensure the kitchen is clean.What's more Headrow must include a ‘Performance Review Cycle' within their appraisal system: This particular system follows a 4-step process. It begins by first setting the objectives for the employee to complete by analysing the employee's role. Next, there is a conversation between the employee and interviewer which discusses the results. Afterwards, the interviewer must distinguish the strengths and weaknesses of the mployee and what action plan should be followed to help achieve their targets.Lastly, the interviewer must converse with the employee about any opportunities for additional training and development; helping the employee to progress further in their role. By following these methods Headrow will assist in improving their staff and give them a greater sense of accomplishment within the organisation. 7. 0 Reward Management Within any modern-day business it is fundamental that employees receive commendation based on the effort and output they commit. At the moment Headrow Hotel do not display a clear link between the appraisal and performance pay scheme, with no structured performance bonus system built-in.A lack of emphasise and acclaim on an employee's performance can have a substantial impact on their interpretation of the hotel and incentive to work hard; which has led to staff departing to a competitor's hotel that appreciates them more. Possible changes would be to provide employee rewards based on their productivity – as mentioned earlier, the ‘Management By Objectives' would provide a foundation whereby the employer could recognise whether the employee was making valid contributions, and hen reward them with a direct reward, such as a pay bonus.An extra perk would be to input a conventional pay system that sees annual increments in salary by an addition of +EO. 50 to their salary for each year they continue to work at the Headrow hotel. Finally, Headrow could correspondingly apply a Job ranking system which consists of comparing Jobs and producing a hierarchy based on the most and least significant roles; helping them to decide what salary matches what Job. All these factors will not only enhance employee satisfaction and motivation, but also help giveHeadrow a competitive edge over their rivals in the heart of Leeds city centre. 8. 0 Discipline and Grievance Procedures Grievances can happen within any organisation and usually occur when there is a problem, concern or criticism from the employee; while disciplinary procedures arise when the employee does not abide by the rules set. At present the Headrow Hotel is suffering from severe staff turnover, mainly in the kitchen. This may be due to the current Head Chet's authoritarian regime which could be viewed as gross misconduct under the ‘Employment Relations Act 2004'.A problem like this should be dealt with immediately as it can affect multiple employees and should be done so by following the process below: Headrow management ought to initially resolve the conflict within the kitchen by means of an internal mediator that will attempt to unravel the dispute by communicating to the Chef about his existing strict techniques, and perhaps filling out a written warning. If however the problem persists, then management should consider the dismissal of the Head Chef and begin to search for a replacement immediately.Terminating employees is a tense area for companies as rules and egulations must be firmly adhered to, otherwise the employer could face legal actio n against them. 10. 0 Conclusion ; Recommendations In conclusion, it is evident that the Headrow Hotel has various human resource issues; most of which are contemporary and some which are imminent as the hotel advances in prestige prominence. The greatest concerns and their solutions at the moment remain: (Problem – Solution – Resource issue) Declining reputation – Recruit more capable staff – Hotel may have to fire any current incapable staff.No structured performance bonus system – Implement employee eview and reward system – Very time-consuming to carry out various employee reviews. Poor working conditions – New income rate and more flexible hours – Expensive financially for the hotel. Appraisal not linking with performance pay scheme – Implement performance review cycle, adjusting accordingly – Will be a time-demanding process for management. High turnover rate – Motivate employees through new reward ma nagement processes – Expensive financially for the hotel.Little training or development offered – Implement new employee training and development programme – Could prove time-consuming to train and develop all mployees. Probable forthcoming problems as the hotel is upgraded to a 4-star status include: (Problem – Solution – Resource issue) Shortage of workforce – hire additional staff following new recruitment process – Expensive financially for the hotel. Skill shortages – Delegate roles accordingly and ensure specialist staff are properly trained – Time-consuming for management staff.Customer complaints – Ensure correct employees are hired following new recruitment process – Time-consuming and may be hard to find the right person for the right position. Job dissatisfaction ; lack of commitment – Use new learning and evelopment programmes to motivate workers and have specialist staff they can talk to – Some employees may not agree with new procedures. Failure to attract talent – Combine new recruitment process with new salary changes and development programme – Competitors may still offer better working conditions.As you can see, it is apparent that the solutions do have their potential resource issues; nonetheless the hotel must afford to take these risks when advancing to a higher reputational status and in order to receive a higher return rate in the future. As with any business, people are at the core of the organisation, therefore it is undamental that the precise procedures are followed by the Headrow Hotel board of directors to ensure that not only their employees are content, but ultimately their customers.http://www.blurtit.com/https://www.bezern.com/read.php?id=191373https://bb.imperial.ac.uk/ https://wpengine.com/support/html-post-processing/http:// www. kiwipumps. com/human-resource-development. htmlhttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Frederick_Winslow_Taylor_crop.jpghttps://learn.lcb.ac.uk/

Cherokee History IA 1 3 12 Essay

Cherokee History IA 1 3 12 Essay Cherokee History IA 1 3 12 Essay Samantha Culp 002837-009 The effects of the American Civil War on the Cherokee Indians 24 January 2012 Word Count: 1,530 002837-009 A. Plan of Investigation: Throughout the events leading up to, and during the course of the American Civil War, thousands of American Indians were killed. The Cherokee Indian tribe fought on both sides of the Union and Confederacy. The point of this historical investigation will be to determine whether the Cherokee Indian tribe was more from the Confederacy or the Union. Two of the sources used in the essay, Union and Confederate Indians in the Civil War, written by Wiley Britton and Native Americans in the Civil War are then evaluated for their origins, purposes, values, and limitations. The importance of this investigation is to determine the long lasting effect upon the Cherokee Indian tribe due to the American Civil War. 002837-009 B. Summary of Evidence: The Cherokee were the largest Indian tribe in the southeast United States in the early 1800s. The United States Government, throughout numerous congressional and court battle, had the vast majority of Cherokees forcibly removed. Less than 1,000 remained in the southeast United States after the relocation efforts culminating in the disastrous Trail of Tears in 1838. (Hodge) There would be countless broken promises, agreements and treaties by the United States Government toward the Cherokee people. Even though the Cherokee had been splintered in their forced relocation, they were committed to remaining a sovereign nation. They endured a 6year civil war in the 1840s between different factions. In 1846, the factions signed a treaty of agreement. The Cherokee Nation would experience a prosperous period in the 1850s until more horrific civil war in 1861 would renew old divisions with horrendous consequences. (Hodge) On the eve of the American Civil War the Cherokee, while being courted by both the North and South, voted to remain neutral. The lifestyle and interest of the Cherokee were most identified with the Confederacy. In fact, some Cherokee owned African slaves and most were sympathetic to the southern cause. During the summer of 1861 Union troops withdrew from the Indian Territory in the west and the Confederate army began occupation (Britton). Geography and southern sympathies made neutrality impossible. In August of 1861 the Cherokee Nation voted to secede from the United States and became an ally of the new Confederacy. In the west, where almost all of the Cherokee had been relocated to, 3,000 Cherokee enlisted in the Confederate army, 1,000 enlisted in the Union army (Native Americans In The Civil War). Cherokees in the east that did not relocate enlisted with the Confederacy; 400 enlisted, almost every able bodied Cherokee. 002837-009 The Cherokee in the east were led by William Holland Thomas and were primarily assigned to harass Union troops. On September 15, 1862 Confederate Cherokee troops were attempting to stop a Union advance when a leader among the Cherokee, Astoogahtogeh, was killed. The remaining Cherokee, avenging his death, scalped Union soldiers. As word spread of this atrocity, the Union soldiers came to their fear of the Cherokee troops. (Britton) Confederate Cherokees in the west fought in numerous battles: Wilson Creek (1861) and the notable Pea Ridge (1862). The Confederates won the battle at Wilson Creek, however, Pea Ridge is much more notable for the same reason as the eastern troops headed by William Holland Thomas. (Cherokee) The Confederate troops at Pea Ridge were defeated; however, Confederate Cherokees scalped as many as 8 Union soldiers after the battle. Cherokee Chief John Ross began to question the Confederacy’s commitment to the Indian Territory in the west. By 1862 he made it known that he did not think the Confederacy was doing all it could to help protect its Cherokee allies (Cherokee Wars). After the Battle of Pea Ridge the Confederacy diverted

How to Complete a Personal Narrative Essay

How to Complete a Personal Narrative Essay How to Complete a Personal Narrative Essay In most of the cases, an assignment to write a personal narrative essay is quite challenging and students don’t know where to start. It is quite complicated, because you not only need to reveal your inner self but also remain honest and possess good writing skills. Remember that your narrative essay should always be written in a first person, using the past tense. Make yourself comfortable and continue reading to learn everything about a narrative essay! Choosing a topic When writing a narrative essay, you will need to describe and analyze a certain story from your personal experience. That is why it won’t be possible to use outside information or a research to decide which topic is the most suitable. Your story should be creative, interesting, simple and stirring up various emotions. That is why the best topic for a narrative essay is the one, which has dynamics, emotions and personal approach. Just take some time and think of the things you want to share with the world. You will definitely have an outstanding experience to share! Remain simple Many students are tempted to use complicated words and a huge vocabulary, not knowing that readers easily loose interest to such an essay. That is why it is better to use simple ideas, like starting with a quote or limiting the size of your sentences. Your vocabulary should be understandable and your language – readable. Don’t neglect the structure of your essay and it will definitely pay you back with great reviews and interest of the audience! Your story should match the task When you need to write a narrative essay, you start remembering tens of situations and stories you want to share with the world. However, it is important to choose a story, which will correspond with your assignment. Listen carefully to your tutor’s recommendations and select a topic, which gives answers to certain questions. For example: Â  How the situation helped you to change? Â  How did you overcome such a situation? Â  What did you learn from your mistakes? Every story provides a lesson and you are always welcome to share this lesson with the audience! Pay attention to details It is not enough to choose a story you want to share, as you also need to pay enough attention to its plot and structure. If you want to make your story smooth and interesting, try to answer following questions: Â  Where did your story start and where did it end? Â  What are the most important elements or characters of your story? Â  Who or what had an impact on the story? Â  What details you want to include to your text? We have also created a list of useful tips you may need, when completing a narrative essay: Â  Always stick to the point and never forget about the main aim of your story; Â  Follow a proper structure: your essay should have a beginning, a climax and conclusions; Â  Add emotions and colors to your text to engage the reader; Â  Make conclusions and mark the lessons you have learned; Â  Try to make your story short, not missing important details; Â  Your story shouldn’t be too formal if else is not indicated by your tutor; Â  It is useful to have both a protagonist and an antagonist in your text. Always revise your texts Many students neglect this important step, thinking that mistakes, both grammar and lexical ones, are not important and tutors will only evaluate the plot itself. However, such mistakes can greatly lower your grades, so you need to revise your text multiple times before the delivery. Make sure you have stated your story loud and clear, and provided every paragraph in an understandable manner. Every section should be readable and smooth, using academic language. In addition, you should also check your punctuation to make sure your sentences are understandable. Following all these tips will guarantee a great result and you will be able to provide an outstanding narrative essay for a minimum time!

Archaeology Home work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Archaeology Home work - Essay Example Anthropology entails studying the life of man. Studying the life of man entails looking into man’s behavior and traits, also known as culture, and man’s physical characteristics. Anthropologists get answers ascribed to humans by living within communities and examining them. Archaeology, on the other hand, is about studying the history of man, which is the origin of humanity and the evolution of man through examining the physical remains of their existence. These remains include tools and buildings. One of the greatest challenges that archeologists face is acquiring knowledge on the interpretation of material culture in relation to humans (Renfrew & Bahn, 2012, 12). For instance, archaeologists may discover historical tools but fail to interpret with accuracy how man used them. To understand man’s use of specific material artefacts, ethnography has become a part of archaeology. Ethno archeology enables archeologists to live within communities so that they develop a better understanding of the use of material culture. Archaeology qualifies both as a science and as a humanity. Archaeology qualifies as a science through its involvement in the collection of evidence, performing experiments, the formulation of a working hypothesis and undertaking additional tests on this hypothesis against additional data, and finally coming up with a deduction. In addition to that, archeology employs scientific methods such as radiocarbon dating, which helps to estimate the date when an artifact existed, scientific analyses and experiments undertaken on residues found in pots. Archaeology has developed greatly in the recent past, expanding the field it covers from the earliest periods to the later times. Archeology serves to not only provide an insight into the life of man as it was more than 10, 000 years in the past, but also helps in explaining human civilization (Renfrew & Bahn, 2012, pg15). One of the most

Business Intelligence Application Design Case Study

Business Intelligence Application Design - Case Study Example The integrated business intelligence constructions from most design companies are not described as organic, but they emerge because of incorporating proprietary business intelligence technologies (Mantyla and Gerwitz, 2009). BI applications are a critical part of the organization’s definition giving vital information or data to various branches of the enterprise (Gale Research Company and Gale Research In., 1978). Information Technology departments should ensure that challenges facing the growth of business intelligence applications are identified and corrected. Information consumption in an organization increases with the development of new technologies. When the problems related to information flow are tackled in a professional and timely manner, the enterprise will realize business intelligence standardization (Prabhu, 2011). Figure 1: The integrated design created to define the new composition of enterprise BI, and aid organizations grow from past descriptions of poor business intelligence technologies and ineffective departmental business intelligence applications Since 1990s, business intelligence products and applications were represented formatively. During this era, enterprises realized that they had to include various BI competencies to meet the increasing user needs. Consequently, the range of business intelligence competencies can be combined into ‘Schemes of BI’ platforms (these contain five different sets) (Khosrowpour, 2005). The schemes of business intelligence platforms are: (1) data mining-advanced analysis; (2) OLAP and visual analysis; (3) enterprise reporting; (4) scorecards and dashboards; and (5) alerts and mobile Apps. Considering the changing market demand, a number of business intelligence developers create various products designed to cater for the requirements of the listed schemes of business intelligence (Mantyla and Gerwitz, 2009). Several companies have embraced various products of